PERBANDINGAN DAYA TUNAS, DAYA TETAS, DAN KARAKTERISTIK KUANTITATIF AYAM KUB DENGAN AYAM KAMPUNG (G1) SAMPAI UMUR 3 BULAN

Utama, Millisani (2021) PERBANDINGAN DAYA TUNAS, DAYA TETAS, DAN KARAKTERISTIK KUANTITATIF AYAM KUB DENGAN AYAM KAMPUNG (G1) SAMPAI UMUR 3 BULAN. S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.

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Abstract

Ternak ayam lokal merupakan salah satu komoditas ternak yang berperan cukup besar dalam memenuhi kebutuhan protein hewani. Diantara galur ayam lokal yang ada di Indonesia, galur yang telah dikembangkan di provinsi Jambi yaitu ayam KUB (Kampung Unggul Balitnak) dan ayam Kampung. Namun, produktivitas ayam Kampung lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan ayam KUB, sedangkan produktivitas ayam KUB lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan ayam ras. Produktivitas ternak dapat dilihat dari daya tunas, daya tetas, dan karakteristik kuantitatif. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ayam KUB dan ayam Kampung yaitu melalui seleksi, sehingga diperoleh generasi pertama baik pada ayam KUB maupun ayam Kampung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan daya tunas, daya tetas dan karakteristik kuantitatif ayam KUB dengan ayam Kampung (G1) sampai umur 3 bulan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari tanggal 27 November 2020 sampai dengan tanggal 27 Maret 2021 di Farm Unit Bisnis Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Jambi. Materi yang digunakan yaitu 315 butir telur dan 174 ekor ayam pada masing-masing galur. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen. Data yang dihimpun meliputi daya tunas, daya tetas, bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh. Data bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh dianalisis menggunakan uji-t, sedangkan vektor rataan ukuran-ukuran tubuh dianalisis menggunakan uji T2-Hotelling. Penciri bentuk dan ukuran tubuh dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Komponen Utama. Data diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak Minitab versi 18. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa daya tunas ayam KUB dan ayam Kampung yaitu 82,86 % dan 81,59 %. Daya tetas ayam KUB dan ayam Kampung yaitu 71,26 % dan 69,65%. Karakteristik kuantitatif ayam KUB berbeda nyata (P<0,05) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ayam Kampung. Penciri ukuran tubuh ayam KUB dan ayam Kampung (G1) yaitu lingkar dada. Penciri bentuk tubuh ayam KUB (G1) yaitu panjang tubuh atas, sedangkan penciri bentuk tubuh ayam Kampung (G1) yaitu panjang sayap. Respon seleksi dan nilai heritabilitas Ayam KUB yaitu 7 g dan 0,32, sedangkan Respon seleksi dan nilai heritabilitas Ayam Kampung yaitu 9,3 g dan 0,35. Kesimpulan: Ayam KUB dan ayam Kampung (G1) memiliki daya tunas dan daya tetas yang relatif sama. Karakteristik kuantitatif ayam KUB lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ayam Kampung G1. Ayam KUB dan ayam Kampung (G1) memiliki respon seleksi yang positif dan nilai heritabilitas (H2) yang tergolong tinggi. Local chicken is one of the livestock commodities that play a large role in meeting the needs of animal protein. Among the local chicken lines in Indonesia, the lines that have been developed in Jambi province are KUB chicken (Kampung Unggul Balitnak) and Kampung chicken. However, the productivity of Kampung chickens is lower than that of KUB chickens, while the productivity of KUB chickens is lower than that of purebred chickens. Livestock productivity can be seen from the fertility, hatchability, and quantitative characteristics. One of the efforts that can be done to increase the productivity of KUB and Kampung chickens is through selection, so that the first generation of both KUB and Kampung chickens is obtained. This study aims to determine the comparison of shoots, hatchability and quantitative characteristics of KUB chickens with Kampung chickens (G1) until the age of 3 months. This research was conducted from 27 November 2020 to 27 March 2021 at the Farm Business Unit, Faculty of Animal Science, Jambi University. The materials used were 315 eggs and 174 chickens in each line. The method used is the experimental method. The data collected included fertility, hatchability, body weight, body weight gain, and body measurements. Data body weight, body weight gain, and body measurements were analyzed using t-test, whereas the mean vector body measurements were analyzed using T test2-Hotelling. Characteristics of body shape and size were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis. The data were processed using Minitab software version 18. The results of this study showed that the fertility of KUB and Kampung chickens were 82.86% and 81.59%, respectively. The hatchability of KUB and Kampung chickens were 71.26% and 69.65%, respectively. The quantitative characteristics of KUB chickens were significantly different (P<0.05) higher than those of Kampung chickens. The body size characteristic of KUB and Kampung chickens (G1) is chest circumference. The body shape of the KUB chicken (G1) is the length of back length, while the characteristic of the body shape of the Kampung chicken (G1) is the wing length. The selection response and the heritability value of KUB Chicken were 7 g and 0.32, while the selection response and the heritability value of Kampung Chicken were 9.3 g and 0.35. Conclusion: KUB chickens and Kampung chickens (G1) have relatively high fertility and hatchability same. The quantitative characteristics of KUB chickens are better than those of Kampung G1 chickens. KUB chicken and chicken Kampung (G1) having a positive response to the selection and heritability (h2)is high.

Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ayam KUB, Ayam Kampung, G1, Karakteristik Kuantitatif, Respon Seleksi
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Peternakan > Peternakan
Depositing User:	Utama
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2021 01:40
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2021 01:40
URI:	https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/25098

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