RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN PINANG (Areca catechu L.) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN BERBAGAI DOSIS PUPUK NPK PADA LAHAN GAMBUT PASCA TERBAKAR

Allastir, Muhammad (2021) RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN PINANG (Areca catechu L.) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN BERBAGAI DOSIS PUPUK NPK PADA LAHAN GAMBUT PASCA TERBAKAR. S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Hutan rawa gambut memiliki peran, fungsi dan manfaat yang sangat penting bagi manusia, keanekaragaman hayati dan iklim global. Namun sayang, ekosistem ini mengalami kerusakan dari tahun ke tahun. Beberapa faktor utama penyebab degradasi hutan rawa gambut di Indonesia diantaranya pengeringan berlebihan (melalui pembangunan kanalisasi), kebakaran, penebangan, dan alih fungsi lahan (Wibisono et al., 2017). Dalam pemilihan jenis tanaman untuk rehabilitasi vegetasi kawasan bergambut perlu mempertimbangkan keberadaan jenis dominan, sifat dan karakteristik tiap jenis terutama respon terhadap genangan dan cahaya matahari, kondisi areal terkait penutupan vegetasi, kondisi tanah dan kondisi genangan.Tanaman pinang (Areca catechu L.) sudah dimanfaatkan sejak lama terutama daerah-daerah Asia Selatan dan Timur sampai daerah Kepulauan Pasifik. Pinang tersebar di semua wilayah Indonesia, namun penyebaran terbesar dan sekaligus sebagai daerah pengekspor biji pinang terdapat di Pulau Sumatra antara lain di Jambi. Tanah gambut umumnya memiliki kadar pH yang rendah, memiliki kapasitas tukar kation yang tinggi, kejenuhan basa yang rendah, memiliki kandungan unsur K, Ca, Mg, P yang rendah dan memiliki kandungan unsur mikro (seperti Cu, Zn, Mn, serta B) yang rendah. Untuk menjamin keberhasilan pengembangan pinang di lahan gambut, perlu adanya kegiatan pemupukan yang memadai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di areal Hutan Produksi Sungai Kenan, Desa Jati Mulyo Kecamatan Dendang, Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama empat bulan dimulai pada bulan Juni - Oktober 2020. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan faktor tungal yang terdiri dari 5 taraf dosis NPK dengan 5 kali pengulangan sehingga diperoleh 25 satuan petak percobaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa, perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi, jumlah daun, berat kering akar, dan kering tajuk. Pemberian dosis pupuk NPK sebanyak 400 gram memberikan respon terbaik pada parameter pertambahan jumlah daun dan berat kering tajuk. Sedangkan pada parameter pertambahan tinggi, berat kering akar dan berat kering total memberikan hasil tidak berbeda nyata dengan dosis pupuk NPK 200 gram. Kata kunci: Pinang, Pupuk NPK, Lahan Gambut. ABSTRACT Peat swamp forest has a very important role, function and benefit for humans, biodiversity and global climate. But unfortunately, this ecosystem is damaged from year to year. Some of the main factors causing peat swamp forest degradation in Indonesia include over-drying (through canalization construction), fires, logging, and land conversion (Wibisono et al., 2017). In selecting plant species for vegetation rehabilitation in peat areas, it is necessary to consider the presence of dominant species, the nature and characteristics of each species, especially the response to inundation and sunlight, area conditions related to vegetation cover, soil conditions and inundation conditions. Areca nut (Areca catechu L.) has been utilized since a long time, especially the areas of South and East Asia to the Pacific Islands area. Areca nut is spread in all regions of Indonesia, but the largest distribution and at the same time as an exporting area for areca nut is on the island of Sumatra, among others, in Jambi. Peat soil generally has a low pH level, has a high cation exchange capacity, low base saturation, has a low content of K, Ca, Mg, P elements and has a high content of micro elements (such as Cu, Zn, Mn, and B). low. To ensure the success of areca nut development on peatlands, it is necessary to have adequate fertilization activities. This research was conducted in the Kenan River Production Forest area, Jati Mulyo Village, Dendang District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency. This research was conducted for four months starting in June - October 2020. The design of this study used a Randomized Block Design (RAK), with a single factor consisting of 5 levels of NPK doses with 5 repetitions in order to obtain 25 experimental plot units. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the dose of NPK fertilizer had a significant effect on height, number of leaves, root dry weight, and shoot dryness. Giving a dose of 400 grams of NPK fertilizer gave the best response on the parameters of increasing the number of leaves and canopy dry weight. While the parameters of height increase, root dry weight and total dry weight gave no significant difference between the results with a dose of 200 grams of NPK fertilizer. Keyword: Areca Palm, NPK Fertilizer, Peat Land

Type: Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Areca Palm, Betel Nut, NPK Fertilizer, Peat Land
Subjects: L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions: Fakultas Pertanian > Kehutanan
Depositing User: ALLASTIR
Date Deposited: 22 Oct 2021 02:56
Last Modified: 22 Oct 2021 02:56
URI: https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/27234

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