Saputri, Anisa (2022) Keragaman Gen Myostatin (MSTN) Ayam Kampung Unggul Balitnak (KUB) Pada Exon 1 Menggunakan PCR-RFLP. S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.
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Abstract
KERAGAMAN GEN MYOSTATIN (MSTN) AYAM KAMPUNG UNGGUL BALITNAK (KUB) PADA EXON 1 MENGGUNAKAN PCR-RFLP Anisa Saputri di bawah bimbingan Prof. Dr. Ir. Depison, M.P.1) dan Dr. Ir. Gushairiyanto, M.Si.2) RINGKASAN Ayam KUB (Kampung Unggul Balitnak) merupakan salah satu rumpun ayam lokal yang cukup potensial dikembangakan. Ayam KUB diketahui memiliki keragaman genetik yang relatif tinggi, sehingga perlu diketahui keragaman genetiknya. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengetahui mutu genetik yaitu melalui karakterisasi genetik. Karakterisasi keragaman genetik dapat dilakukan secara molekuler dan langsung terhadap gen strukturalnya. Salah satu gen adalah gen myostatin menggunakan PCR-RFLP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh ayam KUB jantan dan betina, serta mengetahui keragaman gen myostatin (MSTN) dan asosiasinya terhadap bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh ayam KUB. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dua tahap yaitu penelitian dilapangan dan laboratorium. Penelitian dilapangan untuk memperoleh data bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh serta sampel darah ayam KUB. Penelitian dilaboratorium meliputi kegiatan ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi dan restriksi. Materi yang digunakan 96 ekor ayam KUB dan sampel darah masing-masing 96 sampel. Analisis data meliputi bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh ayam KUB jantan dan betina serta asosiasi gen myostatin (MSTN) dengan bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh menggunakan uji t. Analisis T2-Hotelling digunakan untuk membandingkan vektor ukuran-ukuran tubuh ayam KUB jantan dan betina. Bila uji T2-Hotelling menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda, maka dilanjutkan dengan analisis komponen utama untuk mendapatkan faktor penentu ukuran dan bentuk tubuh ayam KUB. Analisis data molekuler meliputi frekuensi genotip dan alel, keseimbangan hardy-weinberg, heterozigositas, polymorphic information content (PIC). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bobot badan umur DOC - 3 bulan, pertambahan bobot badan umur DOC-1, 1-2, 2-3 bulan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh ayam KUB umur 3 bulan jantan berbeda nyata (P < 0,05) lebih tinggi dibanding ayam KUB betina. Hasil analisis gen myostatin didapatkan tiga genotip yaitu +/+ (0,40), +/- (0,33) dan -/- sebesar (0,26), serta dua alel yaitu (+) sebesar 57% dan (–) sebesar 43%. Gen myostatin|Alul ayam KUB bersifat polimorfik. Populasi ayam KUB berada dalam ketidak seimbangan Hardy-Weinberg X2 hitung (9,72). Heterozigositas pada populasi ayam KUB menunjukan tingkat keragaman relatif sedang dengan nilai Ho (0,33) < He (0,50). Nilai PIC yang didapatkan yaitu 0,43 termasuk dalam kategori sedang yang memiliki arti bahwa nilai tersebut cukup informatif sebagai penciri untuk fragmen gen myostatin|AluI. Gen myostatin ayam KUB bergenotip +/- berbeda nyata (P < 0,05) lebih tinggi dibanding genotip +/+ dan -/-. Kesimpulan: bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh ayam KUB jantan lebih tinggi dibandingkan ayam KUB betina. Penciri ukuran tubuh ayam KUB jantan dan betina adalah panjang dada, lingkar dada, panjang shank sedangkan penciri bentuk adalah panjang sayap. Gen myostatin |AluI pada ayam KUB bersifat polimorfik. Gen myostatin |AluI ayam KUB berasosiasi dengan bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh yang terbaik adalah genotip (+/-) dapat dijadikan sebagai final stock pada ternak ayam KUB dan genotip (-/-) sebagai sumber bibit untuk dasar seleksi dimasa mendatang. Kata kunci : Keragaman, Gen Myostatin (MSTN), Ayam KUB, Enzim Alu1. Keterangan : 1) Pembimbing Utama 2) Pembimbing Pendamping MYOSTATIN GEN DIVERSITY (MSTN) KAMPUNG UNGGUL BALITNAK (KUB) CHICKEN IN EXON 1 USING PCR-RFLP Anisa Saputri under guidance Prof. Dr. Ir. Depison, M.P.1) and Dr. Ir. Gushairiyanto, M.Si.2) ABSTRAK KUB chicken (Kampung Unggul Balitnak) is one of the local chicken families with potential to be developed. KUB chicken is known to have relatively high genetic diversity, so it is necessary to know its genetic diversity. Efforts that can be made to determine genetic quality are through genetic characterization. Characterization of genetic diversity can be done molecularly and directly on structural genes. One of the genes is the myostatin gene using PCR-RFLP. This study aims to determine body weight, body weight gain, and body sizes of male and female KUB chickens, as well as to determine the myostatin gene diversity (MSTN) and its associations with body weight, body weight gain and body sizes of KUB chickens. This research was carried out in two stages, namely field and laboratory research. Field research to obtain data on body weight, body weight gain, and body measurements and blood samples of KUB chickens. Research in the laboratory includes DNA extraction, amplification and restriction activities. The material used was 96 KUB chickens and 96 samples of blood each. Data analysis included body weight, body weight gain and body measurements of male and female KUB chickens as well as the association of the myostatin gene (MSTN) with body weight, body weight gain and body measurements using the t test. T2-Hotelling analysis was used to compare the vector body sizes of male and female KUB chickens. If the T2-Hotelling test shows different results, then proceed with the main component analysis to obtain the determinants of the size and body shape of KUB chickens.Molecular data analysis included genotype and allele frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg balance, heterozygosity, polymorphic information content (PIC). The results of this study showed that the body weight of DOC - 3 months of age, body weight gain of DOC-1, 1-2, 2-3 months and the body sizes of KUB chickens aged 3 months were significantly different (P < 0.05) more higher than female KUB chickens. The results of the myostatin gene analysis showed three genotypes, namely +/+ (0.40), +/- (0.33) and -/- of (0.26), and two alleles namely (+) 57% and (–) by 43%. Myostatin|Allul chicken KUB gene is polymorphic. The population of KUB chickens is in the Hardy-Weinberg X2 count (9.72). Heterozygosity in the KUB chicken population showed a relatively moderate level of diversity with a value of Ho (0.33) < He (0.50). The PIC value obtained is 0.43 which is included in the moderate category which means that the value is quite informative as a marker for the myostatin|AluI gene fragment. Myostatin gene of KUB chicken with genotype +/- was significantly different (P < 0.05) higher than genotype +/+ and -/-. Conclusion: body weight, body weight gain and body sizes of male KUB chickens were higher than female KUB chickens. Characteristics of body size of male and female KUB chickens are chest length, chest circumference, shank length, while shape characteristics are wing length. The myostatin |AluI gene in KUB chickens is polymorphic. The myostatin | AluI gene of KUB chickens was associated with body weight, body weight gain and body sizes. The best genotype (+/-) could be used as final stock in KUB chickens and genotype (-/-) as a source of seeds for selection basis. in the future. Keywords: Diversity, Myostatin Gene (MSTN), KUB Chicken, Alu1 Enzyme. Description: 1) Main Advisor 2) Companion Advisor
| Type: | Thesis (S1) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Peternakan > Peternakan |
| Depositing User: | SAPUTRI |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Sep 2022 07:20 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Sep 2022 07:20 |
| URI: | https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/39631 |
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