Keanekaragaman dan Pola Sebaran Spesies Tumbuhan Asing Invasif di Kawasan Cagar Alam Durian Luncuk II

Darmawan, Hari (2023) Keanekaragaman dan Pola Sebaran Spesies Tumbuhan Asing Invasif di Kawasan Cagar Alam Durian Luncuk II. S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.

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Abstract

Keanekaragaman tumbuhan di suatu kawasan dapat dilihat dari komposisi dan struktur vegetasi serta berbagai unsur yang mendukungnya. Keanekaragaman yang tinggi di Indonesia dapat menurun akibat gangguan dari alam maupun dari manusia. Salah satu gangguan tersebut adalah munculnya spesies tumbuhan asing invasif atau Invasive Alien Species (IAS). Tumbuhan alien species merupakan tumbuhan exotic, non-active atau non-indigenous yang secara langsung maupun tidak langsung diperkenalkan oleh aktivitas manusia ke dalam suatu wilayah dimana tumbuhan tersebut tidak bisa berkembang dengan sendirinya (Heffernan, 1998). Sedangkan tumbuhan invasif yaitu tumbuhan yang menyerang pada ekosistem alami dan semi alami yang dapat memberikan efek pada tumbuhan maupun hewan lokal dan efek tersebut dapat terjadi pada tahapan yang berbeda (Webber, 2003). Mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan asing invasif di CA Durian Luncuk II. Mengidentifikasi pola sebaran spesies tumbuhan asing invasif di CA Durian Luncuk II. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Kawasan Cagar Alam Durian Luncuk II Secara geografis Cagar Alam Durian Luncuk II, dengan luas total kawasan 48,73 ha. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan ±2 bulan, yaitu pada bulan September - Oktober 2021. Analisis vegetasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman, komposisi, dan struktur spesies tumbuhan asing invasif. Adapun paramater yang diamati meliputi spesies tumbuhan, jumlah individu, dan habitus dari spesies tumbuhan asing invasif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kombinasi jalur dan garis berpetak dengan pengambilan sampling sebesar 2% dari total luas area 48,73 ha yang ditetapkan secara purposive sampling di lokasi yang terganggu (misalnya jaringan jalan dan area di sekitar jalan). Garis berpetak berukuran 20 m x 100 m yang diletakkan secara sistematis dengan jarak antar jalur 50 m sebanyak 5 jalur, masing-masing 3 jalur di kiri dan 2 jalur di kanan pada garis rintisan (baseline). Bentuk petak analisis vegetasi menggunakan metode petak yang digunakan di Cagar Alam Durian Luncuk II. Identifikasi spesies tumbuhan dilakukan untuk mengetahui nama ilmiah dari spesies tersebut. Komposisi vegetasi yang terdapat di CA Durian Luncuk II berdasarkan hasil analisis vegetasi teridentifikasi sebanyak 94 spesies dari 41 famili. Spesies tumbuhan asing invasif yang teridentifikasi di Durian Luncuk II sebanyak 16 spesies, yaitu Clibadium surinamense L, Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, Asystasia Gangetica (L.) T. Anderson, Bauhinia purpurea L, Bellucia pentamera Naudin, Cleistanthus monoicus (Lour.) Mull.Arg, Digitaria sp, Centotheca lappaceae (L.) Desv, Spermacoce tenuior L, Lygodium sp, Stachytarpheta indica (L.) Vahl, Imperata cylindrica, Dicranopteris linearis, Clidemia hirta, Melastoma candidum. Pola sebaran spesies asing invasif di CA Durian Luncuk II yaitu mengelompok. The diversity of plants in an area can be seen from the composition and structure of the vegetation as well as the various elements that support it. The high diversity in Indonesia can decrease due to disturbances from nature and from humans. One such disturbance is the emergence of invasive alien species (IAS). Alien species plants are exotic, non-active or non-indigenous plants that are directly or indirectly introduced by human activities into an area where these plants cannot develop by themselves (Heffernan, 1998). Meanwhile, invasive plants are plants that attack natural and semi-natural ecosystems which can have an effect on local plants and animals and these effects can occur at different stages (Webber, 2003). Identifying the diversity of invasive alien plant species in CA Durian Luncuk II. Identify distribution patterns of invasive alien plant species in CA Durian Luncuk II. This research was carried out in the Durian Luncuk II Nature Reserve Area. Geographically, the Durian Luncuk II Nature Reserve has a total area of 48.73 ha. This research was carried out for ± 2 months, namely in September - October 2021. Vegetation analysis was carried out to determine the diversity, composition, and structure of invasive alien plant species. The parameters observed included plant species, number of individuals, and habitus of invasive alien plant species. The research was conducted using a combination of lines and grid lines with a sampling of 2% of the total area of 48.73 ha which was determined by purposive sampling in disturbed locations (eg road networks and areas around roads). Grid lines measuring 20 m x 100 m are laid out systematically with a distance of 50 m between lanes of 5 lanes, 3 lanes each on the left and 2 lanes on the right on the baseline. The plot form of vegetation analysis used the plot method used in the Durian Luncuk II Nature Reserve. Identification of plant species is done to find out the scientific name of the species. The composition of the vegetation found in Durian Luncuk II CA based on the results of vegetation analysis identified as many as 94 species from 41 families. 16 species of invasive foreign plants identified in Durian Luncuk II, namely Clibadium surinamense L, Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, Asystasia Gangetica (L.) T. Anderson, Bauhinia purpurea L, Bellucia pentamera Naudin, Cleistanthus monoicus (Lour) Mull.Arg, Digitaria sp, Centotheca lappaceae (L.) Desv, Spermacoce tenuior L, Lygodium sp, Stachytarpheta indica (L.) Vahl, Imperata cylindrica, Dicranopteris linearis, Clidemia hirta, Melastoma candidum. The distribution pattern of invasive alien species in CA Durian Luncuk II is grouped and evenly distributed.

Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Spesies Tumbuhan Asing Invasif
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Kehutanan
Depositing User:	DARMAWAN
Date Deposited:	14 Jul 2023 06:50
Last Modified:	26 Feb 2025 08:00
URI:	https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/53240

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