Delviani, Delviani (2024) UJI AKTIVITAS IMUNOMODULATOR SENYAWA HASIL ISOLASI FRAKSI ETANOL DAUN SUNGKAI (Peronema canescens Jack) SECARA IN-VIVO TERHADAP MENCIT (Mus musculus L). S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.
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Abstract
Imunomodulator adalah senyawa yang dapat membantu mengembalikan ketidakseimbangan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Imunomodulator penting bagi penderita imunodefisiensi bahkan infeksi kronis. Beberapa program riset penemuan dan pengembangan obat difokuskan pada pencarian senyawa bioaktif dari alam salah satunya imunomodulator senyawa bahan alam tanaman Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas senyawa hasil isolasi fraksi etanol daun sungkai secara in-vivo sebagai imunomodulator alami. Simplisia daun sungkai dimaserasi dan dan difraksinasi bertingkat untuk mendapatkan fraksi etanol. Skrining fitokimia fraksi etanol daun sungkai mengandung fenolik, flavonoid, tanin, steroid, dan saponin. Proses pemisahan dilanjutkan dengan metode Kromatografi Vacum Cair (KVC) hingga didapatkan hasil fraksi KVC berupa F1, F2 dan F3 yang kemudian diuapkan hingga terdapat endapan. Endapan dicuci dan direkristalisasi. Hasil rekristlisasi F1 didapatkan isolat 1 (I1) berupa butiran kristal putih (kubik). Pada F2 didapatkan Isolat 2 (I2) berupa butiran kristal berbentuk jarum berwarna kehijauan dan F3 didapatkan isolat 3 (I3) berupa lapisan lemak. Isolat diuji kemurniannya denganKromaotgrafi Lapis Tipis (KLT) sistem 3 eluen yang menunjukkan satu noda tunggal. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa I1 adalah steroid, I2 adalah flavonoid dan I3 adalah saponin. Uji karakterisasi isolat I1 dan I2 dilanjutkan dengan UV-Vis dan FT-IR. Dimana spektrum UV-Vis I1 terdapat puncak serapan kuat pada 222 nm dan spektrum FT-IR menunjukkan adanya gugus C=O, C-O, CH3 dan C-H. Diduga isolat I1 adalah steroid berupa 3β-acetoxy cholest-5-ene. Sedangkan spektrum UV-Vis I2 menunjukkan 3 puncak serapan pada 335, 268 dan 225 nm serta spektrum FT-IR menunjukkan adanya gugus O-H, C=O, C=C, C-O dan C-O-C. Diduga isolat I2 adalah flavonoid berupa apigenin. Masing-masing isolat dilakukan uji aktivitas imunomodulator dan dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif dan negatif. Isolat flavonoid dan saponin fraksi etanol daun sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) memiliki pengaruh dan hasil positif sebagai imunostimulan terhadap kenaikan jumlah total leukosit, aktivitas fagositosis makofag, indeks organ limfoid dan konstanta laju eliminasi karbon dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatifnya. Sedangkan isolat steroid memiliki pengaruh dan hasil positif sebagai imunosupresi terhadap penurunan jumlah total leukosit, aktivitas fagositosis makofag, indeks organ limfoid dan konstanta laju eliminasi karbon dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatifnya. Immunomodulators are compounds that can help restore imbalances in the immune system. Immunomodulators are important with immunodeficiency and chronic infections. Several drug discovery and development research programs are focused on finding bioactive compounds from nature, one of which is immunomodulatory compounds of natural from the Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack). This study aims to test the activity of compounds isolated from the ethanol fraction of sungkai leaves in-vivo as natural immunomodulators. Sungkai leaf symplisia was macerated and multistage fractionated to obtain ethanol fraction. Phytochemical of the ethanol fraction of sungkai leaves contains phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and saponins. The separation continued with the Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) until the VLC fraction results were obtained of F1, F2 and F3 then evaporated until there was a precipitate. The precipitate was washed and recrystallized. F1 recrystallization results obtained isolate 1 (I1) of white crystal (cubic). In F2 obtained isolate 2 (I2) of greenish needle-shaped crystal and F3 obtained isolate 3 (I3) of a fat layer. Isolates were tested for purity with Thin Layer Chromaotgraphy (TLC) of 3 eluents showing a single spot. Phytochemical showed that I1 is steroid, I2 is flavonoid and I3 is saponin. Characterization of isolates I1 and I2 were continued with UV-Vis and FT-IR. The UV-Vis spectrum of I1 there is a strong absorption peak at 222 nm and the FT-IR spectrum shows the presence of C=O, C-O, CH3 and C-H groups. Suspected that isolate I1 is a steroid of 3β-acetoxy cholest-5-ene. The UV-Vis spectrum of I2 showed 3 absorption peaks at 335, 268 and 225 nm and the FT-IR spectrum showed the presence of O-H, C=O, C=C, C-O and C-O-C groups. Suspected isolate I2 is a flavonoid of apigenin. Each isolate was tested for immunomodulatory activity and compared with positive and negative controls. Flavonoid and saponin isolates of ethanol fraction of sungkai leaves have positive effects and results as immunostimulants on the increase in the number of leukocytes, macrophage phagocytosis activity, lymphoid organ index and carbon elimination rate constant compared to the negative control. While the steroid isolate has a positive effect and results as immunosuppression on the decrease of the number of leukocytes, macrophage phagocytosis activity, lymphoid organ index and carbon elimination rate constant compared to the negative control.
| Type: | Thesis (S1) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Sungkai, Isolat, imunostimulan, imunosupresi, leukosit, makrofag. Sungkai, Isolate, immunostimulant, immunosuppression, leukocytes, macrophages |
| Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Kimia |
| Depositing User: | Delviani |
| Date Deposited: | 30 May 2024 03:14 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Feb 2025 03:33 |
| URI: | https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/64213 |
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