PENGARUH KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN PULAI (Alstonia scolaris (L.)R.BR) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti(Linn.)

Alfiyah, Efa (2024) PENGARUH KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN PULAI (Alstonia scolaris (L.)R.BR) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti(Linn.). S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.

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Abstract

Pulai merupakan tanaman peneduh yang mudah ditemukan di Indonesia, dan bergetah putih seperti susu. Pulai memiliki sifat toksik berhubungan dengan senyawa fenolik yang dikandungnya, ekstrak daun pulai positif mengandung senyawa fitokimia saponin, flavonoid, dan alkaloid sedangkan pada ekstrak batang mengandung senyawa saponin dan alkaloid. Hal ini menunjukkan tanaman pulai memiliki potensi sebagai biolarvasida nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Selama ini proses pembrantasan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat adalah menggunakan bahan kimia sintesis yang dapat membahayakan lingkungan serta resistensi terhadap nyamuk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak metanol daun pulai (A. scholaris) sebagai larvasida nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan mengetahui kandungan esktrak daun pulai (A. scholaris) yang berpotensi sebagai larvasida nyamuk A. aegypti. Penelitian ini di pulai dilakukan di Laboratorium Teknologi Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jambi dan Pengujian GC-MS dilakukan di Laboratorium Terpadu Pustarhut, Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu konsentrasi larutan ekstrak ke larva nyamuk A. aegypti dengan tingkat konsentrasi 0% (kontrol aquades), 0% (kontrol metanol), 5%, 10%, 15% dan 20% masing-masing terdiri dari 3 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati ialah kadar ekstrak, rendemen ekstrak, kadar air, dan mortalitas larva. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar ekstrak sebesar 40%, Rendemen ekstrak 7,8%, kadar air sebesar 6,95%. Uji toksisitas ekstrak daun pulai terhadap kematian nyamuk yang tertinggi terjadi pada konsentrasi 20% sebanyak 49,33% dan persentase kematian nyamuk terendah terjadi pada kontrol metanol sebanyak 6,66%. Sedangkan pada konsentrasi 0% (kontrol aquades) yang tidak diberi ekstrak daun pulai, tidak menunjukkan respon terhadap larva nyamuk (Aedes aegypti). Pulai is a shade plant that is easily found in Indonesia, and has a milky white gummy. Pulai has toxic properties related to the phenolic compounds it contains, pulai leaf extract is positive for saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids while stem extract contains saponins and alkaloids. This shows that the pulai plant has potential as a biolarvicide for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. So far, the community has been using synthetic chemicals that can harm the environment and resistance to mosquitoes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the concentration of methanol extract of pulai leaves (A. scholaris) as a larvicide of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and to determine the content of pulai leaf extract (A. scholaris) which has the potential as a larvicide of A. aegypti mosquitoes. This research was conducted at the Forest Products Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Jambi University and GC-MS testing was carried out at the Integrated Laboratory of Pustarhut, Bogor. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, namely the concentration of the extract solution to A. aegypti mosquito larvae with concentration levels of 0% (distilled water control), 0% (methanol control), 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% each consisting of 3 replicates. The parameters observed were extract content, extract yield, water content, and larval mortality. The results showed that the extract content was 40%, extract yield 7.8%, water content 6.95%. The toxicity test of pulai leaf extract on mosquito mortality was highest at a concentration of 20% as much as 49.33% and the lowest percentage of mosquito mortality occurred in the methanol control as much as 6.66%. While at 0% concentration (distilled water control) which was not given pulai leaf extract, it showed no response to mosquito larvae (Aedes aegypti).

Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Pulai (Alstonia scholaris), Demam Berdarah, Nyamuk Aedes aegypti
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Kehutanan
Depositing User:	ALFIYAH
Date Deposited:	19 Jul 2024 07:57
Last Modified:	19 Jul 2024 07:57
URI:	https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/69173

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