Adsorpsi Ion Logam Fe(III) Dari Air Lahan Gambut Menggunakan Kitosan Sisik Ikan Nila

Arif, M Ridwan (2024) Adsorpsi Ion Logam Fe(III) Dari Air Lahan Gambut Menggunakan Kitosan Sisik Ikan Nila. S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.

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Abstract

Ringkasan Salah satu inovasi terhadap limbah sisik ikan yaitu mengolah sisik ikan menjadi kitin. Didalam limbah sisik ikan memiliki kadar protein sebesar 27% dan mengandung mineral serta kitin. Kitin adalah polisakarida alami yang terdapat pada hewan kepiting, udang, lobster, dan sisik ikan. Kitin termasuk salah satu biopolimer alami yang mudah didapatkan. Kitin mempunyai aplikasi yang terbatas karena gugus asetilnya, namun melalui proses deasitilasi kitin diubah menjadi kitosan. Kitosan mempunyai gugus fungsi seperti gugus amina (-NH2) dan gugus hidroksil (-OH) yang dapat dimodifikasi melalui reaksi kimia. Kitosan memiliki kapasitas regenerasi dan ramah lingkungan yang bisa digunakan dalam metode adsorpsi. Salah satu pemanfaatan kitosan diaplikasikan sebagai adsorben terhadap logam Fe. Perlu dilakukan pengembangan agar lebih selektif menyerap logam Fe yang berbahaya jika keberadaannya melewati ambang batas normal diperairan. Berdasarkan kualitasnya air gambut belum layak sebagai air bersih yang berstandar oleh Permenkes RI No. 32 Tahun 2017 tentang Higiene Sanitasi. Air gambut memiliki pH yang rendah, tinggi kandungan logam berat, serta memiliki nilai pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD), dan chemical oxygen demand (COD) yang tinggi. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu kitosan berwarna putih berbentuk serbuk dengan derajat deasetilasi sebesar 74,24%. Kemudian hasil adsorpsi tertinggi kitosan terhadap larutan FeCl3 terdeteksi pada pH 5 dan waktu kontak 60 menit, dengan nilai efisiensi dan kapasitas adsorpsi pH masing-masing sebesar 98,6 % dan 0,986 mg/g serta waktu kontak sebesar 97,16% dan 0,9716 mg/g. Sedangkan konsentrasi menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi kapasitas adsorpsi yang didapat tinggi. Hasil adsorpsi kitosan terhadap air gambut dengan parameter pH, BOD, COD, dan ion logam Fe yaitu sebesar 6,5, 18,2 mg/L, 58,3 mg/L, 0,38 mg/L dengan nilai efektivitasnya yaitu sebesar 30%, 80%, 83%, dan 85%. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa adsorben kitosan dapat digunakan secara efektif dalam menurunkan nilai pH, BOD, COD dan ion logam Fe sehingga memenuhi standar baku mutu air bersih. Summary One of the innovations for fish scale waste is processing fish scales into chitin. Fish scale waste has a protein content of 27% and contains minerals and chitin. Chitin is a natural polysaccharide found in crabs, shrimp, lobsters, and fish scales. Chitin is one of the natural biopolymers that is easy to obtain. Chitin has limited applications because of its acetyl group, but through the deacetylation process chitin is converted into chitosan. Chitosan has functional groups such as amine groups (-NH2) and hydroxyl groups (-OH) which can be modified through chemical reactions. Chitosan has a regeneration capacity and is environmentally friendly which can be used in adsorption methods. One of the uses of chitosan is applied as an adsorbent for Fe metal. Development is needed to be more selective in absorbing Fe metal which is dangerous if its presence exceeds the normal threshold in waters. Based on its quality, peat water is not yet suitable as clean water that meets the standards of the Indonesian Minister of Health Regulation No. 32 of 2017 concerning Hygiene and Sanitation. Peat water has a low pH, high heavy metal content, and has high pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values. The results obtained were white chitosan in powder form with a deacetylation degree of 74.24%. Then the highest adsorption results of chitosan on FeCl3 solution were detected at pH 5 and a contact time of 60 minutes, with efficiency and adsorption capacity values of pH of 98.6% and 0.986 mg/g and contact time of 97.16% and 0.9716 mg/g. While the concentration shows that the higher the concentration, the higher the adsorption capacity obtained. The results of chitosan adsorption on peat water with parameters of pH, BOD, COD, and Fe metal ions were 6.5, 18.2 mg/L, 58.3 mg/L, 0.38 mg/L with efficiency values of 30%, 80%, 83%, and 85%. This proves that chitosan adsorbent can be used effectiveness to reduce pH, BOD, COD and Fe metal ion values so that they meet clean water quality standards.

Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kata Kunci: Sisik ikan nila, kitin, kitosan, adsorpsi FeCl3, adsorpsi air gambut Keywords: Tilapia fish scales, chitin, chitosan, FeCl3 adsorption, peat water adsorption
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Kimia
Depositing User:	Arif
Date Deposited:	11 Oct 2024 02:50
Last Modified:	11 Oct 2024 02:50
URI:	https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/71416

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