Oktoviani, Azzura (2024) Pengaruh Kesesuaian Terapi Empiris Terhadap Mortalitas pada Pasien Pneumonia di Ruangan ICU RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi Tahun 2022-2023. S1 thesis, Prodi Kedokteran.
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Abstract
Latar Belakang: Pneumonia didefinisikan sebagai peradangan yang mengenai parenkim paru yang disebabkan oleh berbagai mikroorganisme seperti bakteri, virus, parasit, ataupun jamur. Laporan WHO menyebutkan bahwa penyebab kematian tertinggi akibat penyakit infeksi di dunia adalah infeksi saluran napas akut termasuk pneumonia. Angka mortalitas yang tinggi pada pasien pneumonia disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah kesesuaian terapi empiris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara kesesuaian terapi empiris terhadap mortalitas pasien pneumonia di ICU RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan retrospektif dan menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien, teknik yang digunakan adalah total sampling dengan 23 jumlah sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Uji statistic yang digunakan adalah fisher exact test. Hasil: Terdapat 47 jumlah pasien pneumonia yang dirawat di ICU tahun 2022-2023, sebanyak 24 pasien diekslusikan karena tidak memiliki data rekam medis yang lengkap. Pasien pneumonia di ICU berasal dari multiple etiologi yang dalam perawatan berkomplikasi menjadi pneumonia, sehingga pemberian antibiotic empiris didasarkan pada kondisi atau etiologi awal pasien dirawat. Dari 23 sampel, didapatkan antibiotik empiris terbanyak yang digunakan adalah Ceftriaxone (65.2%). Patogen penyebab pneumonia terbanyak adalah Klabsiella pneumonia. Penyakit dasar terbanyak adalah Stroke Non-Hemoragik. Luaran meninggal lebih banyak daripada hidup. Terdapat 2 pasien pneumonia yang diberikan terapi empiris yang sesuai, dengan clinical outcomes semuanya meninggal (100%). Sedangkan pasien yang menerima terapi empiris tidak sesuai ada sebanyak 21 pasien, dengan clinical outcomes sebanyak 4 pasien (19%) hidup, dan 17 pasien (81%) meninggal. Hasil uji didapatkan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna. Kesimpulan: Mortalitas pasien pneumonia di ICU tidak hanyak disebabkan oleh kesesuaian terapi empiris, tetapi ada banyak faktor lain yang berhubungan seperti usia, komorbid, status gizi, resistensi antibiotik, dll. Kata Kunci: Pneumonia, Terapi Antibiotik Empiris, Mortalitas. Background: Pneumonia is defined as inflammation affecting the lung parenchyma caused by various microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi. The WHO report states that the highest cause of death due to infectious diseases in the world is acute respiratory infections including pneumonia. The high mortality rate in pneumonia patients is caused by several factors, one of which is the suitability of empirical therapy. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the suitability of empirical therapy and mortality of pneumonia patients in the ICU of Raden Mattaher Hospital, Jambi. Method: This study uses a descriptive observational method with a retrospective approach and uses secondary data in the form of patient medical records, the technique used is total sampling with 23 samples that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The statistical test used is the Fisher Exact Test. Results: There were 47 pneumonia patients treated in the ICU in 2022-2023, 24 patients were excluded because they did not have complete medical record data. Pneumonia patients in the ICU came from multiple etiologies which were complicated by pneumonia during treatment, so the administration of empirical antibiotics was based on the initial condition or etiology of the patient being treated. Of the 23 samples, the most empirical antibiotic used was Ceftriaxone (65.2%). The most common pathogen causing pneumonia was Klebsiella pneumonia. The most common underlying disease was Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke. The outcome was more deaths than lives. There were 2 pneumonia patients who were given appropriate empirical therapy, with clinical outcomes of all of them dying (100%). Meanwhile, there were 21 patients who received inappropriate empirical therapy, with clinical outcomes of 4 patients (19%) alive, and 17 patients (81%) dead. The test results showed no significant relationship. Conclusion: Mortality of pneumonia patients in the ICU is not only caused by the appropriateness of empirical therapy, but there are many other related factors such as age, comorbidities, nutritional status, antibiotic resistance, etc. Keywords: Pneumonia, Empirical Antibiotic Therapy, Mortality
| Type: | Thesis (S1) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan > Kedokteran |
| Depositing User: | Oktoviani |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Jan 2025 03:54 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Jan 2025 03:54 |
| URI: | https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/73385 |
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