PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM DAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK NPK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT ANGSANA (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.)

Febriani, Selvi (2025) PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM DAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK NPK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT ANGSANA (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.). S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.

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Abstract

Salah satu jenis kayu yang memiliki potensi besar dan tersebar luas di hampir seluruh wilayah Indonesia, termasuk bagian timur seperti Sulawesi dan Papua adalah angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) dari suku Fabaceae. Tanaman ini telah lama dikenal di banyak negara, terutama di Asia Tenggara seperti Singapura, Indonesia, Filipina, dan Malaysia, dan digunakan sebagai hiasan jalan serta tanaman pelindung. Menurut IUCN Red List (2018) pohon angsana tergolong dalam kategori Endangered atau terancam punah yang menunjukkan risiko kepunahan di habitat. Untuk meningkatkan produksi dan produktivitas angsana diperlukan upaya regenerasi melalui berbagai kegiatan penanaman kembali tanaman angsana. Dalam perbanyakan angsana media tanam memegang peran penting dalam pertumbuhannya. Media tanam yang baik adalah yang memiliki kemampuan untuk menyerap air dengan mudah, menahan air dalam jangka waktu yang tepat, menjaga kelembaban yang tinggi tetapi tetap memberikan aerasi yang cukup, dan memiliki struktur yang ringan. Pertumbuhan angsana juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketersedian nutrisi. Ketersediaan tersebut bisa berasal dari media dan luar media (pemupukan). Pemupukan sangat penting karena dapat menambah unsur-unsur hara yang dibutuhkan dalam proses pertumbuhan tanaman. Salah satu jenis pupuk anorganik yaitu pupuk NPK (Nitrogen, Fosfor dan Kalium). Penelitian ini berlangsung selama 3 bulan di Laboratorium Silvikultur Prodi Kehutanan dan Pembibitan Jurusan Kehutanan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jambi. Metode yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan dua faktor yaitu media tanam yang terdiri dari 3 taraf dan pupuk NPK yang terdiri dari 3 taraf sehingga didapatkan 9 kombinasi yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 27 satuan percobaan. Setiap satuan percoban terdiri dari 4 bibit dan total yang dibutuhkan 108 bibit angsana. Variabel yang diamati yaitu pertambahan tinggi, pertambahan diameter, pertambahan jumlah daun, berat kering tajuk (BKT), berat kering akar (BKA), ratio pucuk akar. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan sidik ragam (Anova) dan pada variabel yang berpengaruh nyata dilakukan uji beda rata-rata dengan menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) taraf ∝ 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara media tanam dan pemberian pupuk NPK tidak nyata terhadap pertambahan bibit angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.). Perlakuan media tanam m3 (top soil + pasir + arang sekam (2:1:1)) merupakan perlakuan terbaik pada pertumbuhan bibit angsana yang dimana memberikan pengaruh terhadap variabel pertambahan tinggi. Perlakuan pemberian pupuk NPK dengan dosis 1,5 gram merupakan perlakuan terbaik pada pertumbuhan bibit angsana yang memberikan pengaruh nyata pada variabel pertambahan tinggi, pertambahan diameter, dan berat kering tajuk. One type of wood that has great potential and is widespread in almost all parts of Indonesia, including the eastern part such as Sulawesi and Papua is angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) from the Fabaceae family. This plant has long been known in many countries, especially in Southeast Asia such as Singapore, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Malaysia, and is used as a street decoration and protective plant. According to the IUCN Red List (2018), the angsana tree is included in the Endangered category which indicates the risk of extinction in the habitat. To increase the production and productivity of angsana, regeneration efforts are needed through various replanting activities of angsana plants. In the propagation of angsana, the planting medium plays an important role in its growth. Good planting media is one that has the ability to absorb water easily, retain water for the right period of time, maintain high humidity but still provide sufficient aeration, and has a light structure. The growth of angsana is also greatly influenced by the availability of nutrients. This availability can come from the media and outside the media (fertilization). Fertilization is very important because it can add nutrients needed in the plant growth process. One type of inorganic fertilizer is NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium). This research lasted for 3 months in the Silviculture Laboratory of the Forestry and Nursery Study Program, Forestry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors, namely planting media consisting of 3 levels and NPK fertilizer consisting of 3 levels so that 9 combinations were obtained which were repeated 3 times so that there were 27 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of 4 seedlings and a total of 108 angsana seedlings were needed. The variables observed were height increase, diameter increase, leaf number increase, dry weight of the crown (BKT), dry weight of the roots (BKA), and root shoot ratio. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova) and on variables that had a significant effect, an average difference test was carried out using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a level of ∝ 5%. The results of the study showed that the interaction between planting media and NPK fertilizer administration was not significant on the growth of angsana seedlings (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.). The treatment of planting media m3 (top soil + sand + rice husk charcoal (2:1:1)) was the best treatment for the growth of angsana seedlings which influenced the variable of height increase. The treatment of NPK fertilizer administration with a dose of 1.5 grams was the best treatment for the growth of angsana seedlings which gave a significant effect on the variables of height increase, diameter increase, and dry weight of the crown.

Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Pterocarpus indicus Willd. , Growing Media, and Fertilization
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Depositing User:	FEBRIANI
Date Deposited:	10 Apr 2025 06:58
Last Modified:	10 Apr 2025 06:59
URI:	https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/76904

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