Stabilitas Enam Genotipe Padi Gogo (Oryza sativa L.) Pada Tiga Musim Tanam Di Desa Mendalo Kabupaten Muaro Jambi

Pardosi, Ivan Dani (2025) Stabilitas Enam Genotipe Padi Gogo (Oryza sativa L.) Pada Tiga Musim Tanam Di Desa Mendalo Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan tanaman pangan utama di Indonesia yang menjadi sumber beras bahan pokok yang dikonsumsi lebih dari 90% penduduk Indonesia. Seiring meningkatnya jumlah penduduk, permintaan beras terus bertambah, sementara produksi dalam negeri belum sepenuhnya mencukupi. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi adalah melalui pengembangan varietas unggul yang adaptif terhadap lahan kering, seperti padi gogo. Pemuliaan tanaman dan uji multilokasi menjadi langkah penting dalam menilai stabilitas serta adaptabilitas genotipe di berbagai kondisi lingkungan. Uji multilokasi tidak hanya bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsistensi hasil panen, tetapi juga sebagai syarat pelepasan varietas unggul. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi stabilitas enam genotipe padi gogo pada tiga musim tanam guna memperoleh varietas yang unggul dan produktif di lahan kering. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Teaching and Research Farm Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jambi, Kampus Mendalo Kecamatan Jambi Luar Kota Kabupaten Muaro Jambi dengan ketinggian ± 35m diatas permukaan laut jenis tanah Ultisol. Percobaan dilaksanakan selama tiga musim tanam. Musim tanam I dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai bulan Juni 2022, musim tanam II dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai bulan Juni 2023, dan musim tanam III dilaksanakan pada bula Agustus sampai bulan Desember 2024. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimen. Eksperimen dirancang dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan 6 galur padi gogo yang terdiri dari 5 galur F8 padi gogo, dan 1 varietas pembanding. Variabel yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif, umur berbunga, bobot gabah bernas, dan bobot 1000 gabah. Data yang telah teruji normal dan homogen selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians gabungan. Variabel yang menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan berdasarkan hasil ANOVA kemudian dianalisis lebih lanjut menggunakan uji Scott-Knott untuk menilai pengaruh genotipe serta uji BNT untuk menilai pengaruh musim. Selanjutnya, stabilitas data dianalisis menggunakan dua parameter, yaitu parameter regresi dan koefisien varians. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi interaksi genotipe x musim pada semua variabel yang diamati. Genotipe G2= 21B-57-21-21-23 dan G1= 191-06-09-23-03, merupakan genotipe yang stabil dimana memiliki hasil konsisten di ketiga musim tanam yang dilakukan. Kata Kunci : Padi Gogo, Varietas Unggul, Stabilitas ABSTRACT Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the main food crop in Indonesia which is the source of staple food consumed by more than 90% of the Indonesian population. As the population increases, the demand for rice continues to increase, while domestic production is not yet fully sufficient. One effort to increase production is through the development of superior varieties that are adaptive to dry land, such as upland rice. Plant breeding and multilocation tests are important steps in assessing the stability and adaptability of genotypes in various environmental conditions. Multilocation tests are not only intended to determine the consistency of harvest results, but also as a requirement for the release of superior varieties. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the stability of six upland rice genotypes in three planting seasons in order to obtain superior and productive varieties in dry land. This research was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi, Mendalo Campus, Jambi Luar Kota District, Muaro Jambi Regency with an altitude of ± 35m above sea level, Ultisol soil type. The experiment was carried out for three planting seasons. Planting season I was carried out from February to June 2022, planting season II was carried out from February to June 2023, and planting season III was carried out from August to December 2024. The research method used in this study was the experimental method. The experiment was designed in a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with the treatment of 6 upland rice lines consisting of 5 F8 upland rice lines, and 1 comparison variety. The variables observed were plant height, number of productive tillers, flowering age, full grain weight, and 1000 grain weight. Data that had been tested normal and homogeneous were then analyzed using combined variance analysis. Variables that showed significant differences based on ANOVA results were then further analyzed using the Scott-Knott test to assess the effect of genotype and the BNT test to assess the effect of season. Furthermore, data stability was analyzed using two parameters, namely regression parameters and variance coefficients. The results showed that there was an interaction between genotype x season on all observed variables. Genotypes G2 = 21B-57-21-21-23 and G1 = 191-06-09-23-03, are stable genotypes which have consistent results in the three planting seasons carried out. Keywords: Upland Rice, Superior Varieties, Stability

Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Padi Gogo, Varietas Unggul, Stabilitas Upland Rice, Superior Varieties, Stability
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	PARDOSI
Date Deposited:	11 Jun 2025 04:52
Last Modified:	11 Jun 2025 04:52
URI:	https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/79446

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