Saputra, Rifqi Okta (2025) APLIKASI KOMPOS KOTORAN AYAM DAN JERAMI PADI TERHADAP KEMANTAPAN AGREGAT ULTISOL DAN HASIL KEDELAI. S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.
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Abstract
Ultisol merupakan salah satu jenis tanah yang luas tersebar di Indonesia, namun memiliki keterbatasan sifat fisik seperti kemantapan agregat yang rendah dan kepadatan tanah yang tinggi, sehingga menghambat pertumbuhan akar tanaman. Salah satu strategi perbaikan tanah Ultisol adalah dengan memanfaatkan bahan organik yang tersedia di sekitar lahan, seperti kotoran ayam dan jerami padi. Kotoran ayam yang kaya nitrogen dapat mempercepat proses dekomposisi jerami padi yang kaya karbon, sehingga menghasilkan kompos dengan rasio C/N yang seimbang dan kandungan hara yang lebih lengkap. Oleh karena itu kompos campuran ini digunakan untuk memperbaiki kemantapan agregat Ultisol, meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, serta menunjang pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai secara lebih efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi kompos campuran kotoran ayam dan jerami padi terhadap kemantapan agregat Ultisol dan hasil produksi kedelai varietas Detap 1, serta menentukan dosis terbaik dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Sungai Duren, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari enam perlakuan dosis kompos (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, dan 25 ton/ha) yang masing-masing diulang empat kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi bahan organik, kemantapan agregat, persen agregat terbentuk, bobot volume tanah, total ruang pori, tinggi kedelai serta hasil produksi kedelai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan dosis kompos secara nyata meningkatkan kemantapan agregat, menurunkan bobot volume tanah, meningkatkan total ruang pori, dan memperbaiki struktur tanah. Pemberian kompos kotoran ayam dan jerami padi pada dosis 5 ton/ha telah mampu meningkatkan persen agregat terbentuk dan mampu meningkatkan kemantapan agregat tanah pada dosis 10 ton/ha. Hasil produksi kedelai tertinggi diperoleh pada dosis kompos 25 ton/ha dengan produksi sebesar 2,09 ton/ha, meskipun masih di bawah potensi hasil varietas Detap 1. Peningkatan kemantapan agregat berkontribusi dalam memperbaiki aerasi dan porositas tanah, yang mendukung pertumbuhan akar dan penyerapan unsur hara, sehingga meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman. Oleh karena itu, aplikasi kompos kotoran ayam dan jerami padi direkomendasikan sebagai alternatif perbaikan sifat fisik Ultisol dalam mendukung budidaya kedelai secara berkelanjutan. Ultisols are one of the most widespread soil types in Indonesia, but they have physical limitations such as low aggregate stability and high soil density, which hinder plant root growth. One strategy for improving Ultisol soil is to utilize organic materials available around the land, such as chicken manure and rice straw. Chicken manure, which is rich in nitrogen, can accelerate the decomposition process of rice straw, which is rich in carbon, thereby producing compost with a balanced C/N ratio and more complete nutrient content. Therefore, this mixed compost is used to improve the aggregate stability of Ultisol, enhance soil fertility, and support the growth and yield of soybean plants more effectively. This study aims to determine the effect of applying a mixture of chicken manure and rice straw compost on the aggregate stability of Ultisol and the yield of soybean variety Detap 1, as well as to determine the optimal dose for improving soil physical properties. The study was conducted in Sungai Duren Village, Muaro Jambi District, using a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of six compost dose treatments (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 tons/ha), each repeated four times. The parameters observed included organic matter, aggregate stability, percentage of formed aggregates, soil bulk density, total pore space, soybean height, and soybean yield. The results showed that increasing the compost dose significantly improved aggregate stability, reduced soil bulk density, increased total pore space, and improved soil structure. The application of chicken manure compost and rice straw at a rate of 5 tons/ha was able to increase the percentage of formed aggregates and improve soil aggregate stability at a rate of 10 tons/ha. The highest soybean yield was obtained at a compost rate of 25 tons/ha, with a yield of 2.09 tons/ha, although it was still below the potential yield of the Detap 1 variety. Improved aggregate stability contributes to better soil aeration and porosity, supporting root growth and nutrient uptake, thereby enhancing crop productivity. Therefore, the application of chicken manure compost and rice straw is recommended as an alternative method to improve the physical properties of Ultisols in supporting sustainable soybean cultivation.
| Type: | Thesis (S1) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Ultisol, kemantapan agregat, kompos kotoran ayam, jerami padi, kedelai. |
| Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | SAPUTRA |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Jul 2025 07:20 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Aug 2025 05:35 |
| URI: | https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/84058 |
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