Analisis Efektivitas Lembaga Pengelolaan Hutan Desa Batang Kelukup Dusun Laman Panjang Kecamatan Bathin III Ulu Kabupaten Bungo

Ginting, Hana Yetri (2025) Analisis Efektivitas Lembaga Pengelolaan Hutan Desa Batang Kelukup Dusun Laman Panjang Kecamatan Bathin III Ulu Kabupaten Bungo. S1 thesis, UNIVERSITAS JAMBI.

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Abstract

Program Perhutanan Sosial yang diluncurkan pemerintah bertujuan memberikan akses legal kepada masyarakat dalam mengelola hutan, salah satunya melalui skema Hutan Desa. Hutan Desa Batang Kelukup di Dusun Laman Panjang, Kecamatan Bathin III Ulu, Kabupaten Bungo ditetapkan melalui SK Menteri Kehutanan No. 362 Tahun 2011 dengan luas sekitar 1.051 hektare. Kawasan ini memiliki fungsi penting baik secara ekologi, sosial, maupun ekonomi, termasuk potensi hasil hutan bukan kayu, ekowisata, dan jasa lingkungan. Namun, pengelolaan hutan masih menghadapi tantangan, seperti praktik penambangan emas tanpa izin (PETI) dan lemahnya pengawasan, yang mengindikasikan kelembagaan belum berjalan optimal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis tingkat efektivitas kelembagaan Lembaga Pengelola Hutan Desa (LPHD) Batang Kelukup serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendorong dan penghambatnya dalam mencapai pengelolaan hutan yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April - Mei 2025 di hutan desa batang kelukup laman panjang menggunakan metode pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan analisis data berdasarkan skala Likert. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi literatur dengan responden yang terdiri dari anggota Lembaga Pengelolaan Hutan Desa (LPHD) serta masyarakat setempat. Hasil penelitian mengenai efektivitas kelembagaan pengelolaan Hutan Desa Batang Kelukup menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan tingkat efektivitas kelembagaan berada pada kategori cukup efektif dengan persentase sebesar 64,4%. Penilaian ini didasarkan pada delapan kriteria kelembagaan menurut Ostrom (1990). Tiga kriteria dinilai efektif, yaitu batas-batas teridentifikasi dengan jelas (76,67%), pengaturan pilihan kolektif (72,22%), serta pengakuan hak untuk mengelola (71,11%). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat dan Lembaga Pengelola Hutan Desa (LPHD) sudah mampu menetapkan wilayah kelola dengan jelas, melibatkan pemangku kepentingan dalam penyusunan aturan, serta memiliki legitimasi formal untuk mengelola kawasan hutan. Sementara itu, lima kriteria lainnya masih tergolong cukup efektif, yakni kesesuaian aturan dengan kondisi setempat (62,22%), pengawasan (63,33%), sanksi yang tegas sesuai tingkat kesalahan (46,67%), mekanisme penyelesaian konflik (57,78%), serta aturan yang berhubungan dengan aturan formal (65,56%). Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa kelembagaan masih menghadapi sejumlah tantangan, seperti keterbatasan sarana prasarana pengawasan, lemahnya penerapan sanksi tertulis, serta belum adanya mekanisme penyelesaian konflik yang terdokumentasi secara sistematis. The Social Forestry Program launched by the government aims to provide legal access for communities to manage forests, one of which is through the Village Forest scheme. The Batang Kelukup Village Forest in Laman Panjang Hamlet, Bathin III Ulu Subdistrict, Bungo District was designated under Minister of Forestry Decree No. 362 of 2011 with an area of approximately 1,051 hectares. This area serves important ecological, social, and economic functions, including the potential for non-timber forest products, ecotourism, and environmental services. However, forest management still faces challenges, such as illegal gold mining (PETI) activities and weak supervision, indicating that the institutional framework has not yet operated optimally. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of the Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) of Batang Kelukup and to identify the driving and inhibiting factors in achieving sustainable forest management. This research was carried out from April to May 2025 in the Batang Kelukup Village Forest, Laman Panjang, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches with data analysis based on the Likert scale. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and literature studies with respondents consisting of members of the Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) and local communities. The results of the study on the effectiveness of the institutional management of the Batang Kelukup Village Forest show that, overall, the level of institutional effectiveness falls into the "fairly effective" category with a percentage of 64.4%. This assessment is based on the eight institutional criteria proposed by Ostrom (1990). Three criteria were assessed as effective, namely clearly identified boundaries (76.67%), collective choice arrangements (72.22%), and recognition of the right to organize (71.11%). This indicates that the community and the Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) have been able to clearly define the management area, involve stakeholders in rule-making, and obtain formal legitimacy to manage the forest area. Meanwhile, the other five criteria are still considered fairly effective, namely congruence between rules and local conditions (62.22%), monitoring (63.33%), graduated sanctions (46.67%), conflict resolution mechanisms (57.78%), and nested enterprises/relations with formal rules (65.56%). These conditions show that the institution still faces several challenges, such as limited monitoring infrastructure, weak enforcement of written sanctions, and the absence of a systematically documented conflict resolution mechanism.

Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Efektivitas, Lembaga Pengelolaan Hutan Desa (LPHD), Perhutanan Sosial, Analisis Kelembagaan, Hutan Desa Batang Kelukup
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Depositing User:	GINTING
Date Deposited:	02 Oct 2025 02:28
Last Modified:	02 Oct 2025 02:28
URI:	https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/85975

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