POTENSI Bacillus spp. SEBAGAI AGENSIA HAYATI UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN CABAI YANG DISEBABKAN Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.

Simbolon, Agustina Kristiyanti (2023) POTENSI Bacillus spp. SEBAGAI AGENSIA HAYATI UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN CABAI YANG DISEBABKAN Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.

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Abstract

abstract Chili (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the most essential horticultural crops cultivated commercially. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency in 2018, chili production in Jambi Province in 2016 reached 39,523 tons, but in 2017 it decreased, reaching only 31,572 tons. The decline in chili production was caused by several factors, one of them being the plant pathogen attack. The disease caused by R. solani is a crucial disease of chili crops in Indonesia. It can be controlled in several ways including cultivation techniques (crop rotation and soil solarization), the use of synthetic fungicides, resistant varieties, biological agents, and mechanical methods. Disease control by using antagonistic microorganisms is the alternative that is currently widely studied and used as a soil-borne plant disease control agent. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Diseases and Greenhouses, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi, from July 2022 to November 2022 with the aim of identifying the potential of bacterial isolates of Bacillus spp. as a biological agent to control the chili disease caused by the fungus R. Solani. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 10 replications, namely P0: Healthy control (without adding the fungus isolates of R. solani and Bacillus spp.), P1: Control disease (inoculation of the isolates of fungus R. solani without applying the isolates of Bacillus spp.), P2: Applying pathogen to the planting medium + soaking the seeds with the isolate of B.G4.5, P3: Applying the pathogen to the planting medium + soaking the seeds with the isolate of B.G4.5, spraying the isolate of BG4.5 to the 4-week-after-transplanting plants and 8-week-after-transplanting ones), P4: Applying Pathogen to the planting medium + soaking the seeds with the isolate of B.SM.16), P5: Applying the Pathogen to the planting medium + soaking the seeds with the isolate of B.SM.16, spraying the isolate of B.SM .16 to the 4-week-after- transplanting plants and 8-week-after-transplanting ones). The outcomes of the research showed that the bacteria Bacillus spp. is able to inhibit the incubation period of stem rot disease to be longer, namely 35-56 days. The lowest percentage of post-emergence damping off was found in the P3 treatment (the application of the pathogen agent in planting media + soaking seeds with isolate B.G4.5, watering isolate BG4.5 on the 4-week-after-transplanting plants and 8-week-after-transplanting ones) which was 16.00% and the disease suppression was by 60.98%. The lowest intensity of disease suppression occurred in the P3 treatment, which was 14.58%, with the highest disease intensity suppression of 76.30%. The highest plant height and number of chilies were found in the P3 treatment, which was 29.91 cm and 8.20 chilies respectively. abstrak Tanaman cabai (Capsicum annum L.) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman hortikultura penting yang dibudidayakan secara komersial. Penyebab turunnya produksi tanaman cabai disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya diakibatkan oleh serangan patogen tanaman. Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh cendawan R. solani dapat dikendalikan dengan beberapa cara yaitu dengan teknik budidaya (rotasi tanaman dan solarisasi tanah), penggunaan fungisida sintetis, penggunaan varietas tahan, pemanfaatan agensia hayati, dan cara mekanis. Pengendalian menggunakan mikroorganisme antagonis merupakan salah satu alternatif yang digunakan sebagai agen pengendali penyakit tanaman tular tanah.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tanaman dan Lahan Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jambi dari bulan Juli 2022 sampai November 2022 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui potensi isolat bakteri Bacillus spp. sebagai agensia hayati untuk mengendalikan penyakit pada tanaman cabai yang disebabkan oleh cendawan R. Solani. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 10 ulangan, yaitu P0: Kontrol sehat (tanpa pemberian isolat cendawan R. solani dan isolat Bacillus spp.), P1: Kontrol sakit (inokulasi isolat cendawan R. solani tanpa pemberian isolat Bacillus spp.), P2: Pemberian Patogen pada media tanam + perendaman benih dengan isolat B.G4.5, P3: Pemberian Patogen pada media tanam + perendaman benih dengan isolat B.G4.5, penyemprotan isolat BG4.5 pada tanaman berumur 4 MST dan 8 MST), P4: Pemberian Patogen pada media tanam + perendaman benih dengan isolat B.SM.16), P5: Pemberian Patogen pada media tanam + perendaman benih dengan isolat B.SM.16, penyemprotan isolat B.SM.16 pada tanaman berumur 4 MST dan 8 MST). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri Bacillus spp. mampu menghambat periode inkubasi penyakit busuk pangkal batang menjadi lebih lama yaitu 35-56 hari. Persentase post-emergence damping off terendah terdapat pada perlakuan P3 (pemberian patogen pada media tanam + perendaman benih dengan isolat B.G4.5, penyiraman isolat BG4.5 pada tanaman berumur 4 MST dan 8 MST) yaitu sebesar 16,00% dan penekanan penyakit sebesar 60,98%. Intensitas penekanan penyakit terendah terjadi pada perlakuan P3 yaitu sebesar 14,58% dengan penekanan intensitas penyakit tertinggi sebesar 76,30%. Tinggi tanaman dan jumlah buah cabai tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P3 yaitu sebesar 29,91 cm dan jumlah buah sebanyak 8,20 buah.

Type: Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Potency, Bacillus spp., Bioagents, R. solani.
Subjects: L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions: Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User: SIMBOLON
Date Deposited: 21 Jul 2023 09:09
Last Modified: 21 Jul 2023 09:09
URI: https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/54410

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