Kajian Kualitas Beberapa Sifat Fisik Ultisol Areal Pertanaman Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) Pada Berbagai Kelerengan

Listyaningrum, Vitta (2024) Kajian Kualitas Beberapa Sifat Fisik Ultisol Areal Pertanaman Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) Pada Berbagai Kelerengan. S1 thesis, UNIVERSITAS UNJA.

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Abstract

Pengetahuan tentang kualitas fisik tanah merupakan hal penting dalam mengembangkan praktek pengelolaan tanah yang baik dan layak untuk melestarikan fungsi dasar sumber daya tanah. Kemiringan lereng sebagai unsur topografi sangat mempengaruhi kualitas tanah. Semakin curam kemiringan lereng maka kualitas fisika tanah semakin menurun. Beberapa indikator yang dinilai dalam proses evaluasi kualitas tanah yaitu indikator-indikator yang menggambarkan proses penting tanah diantaranya berdasarkan dari beberapa sifat fisika tanah. Tingkat kualitas tanah pada suatu bidang lahan dinilai berdasarkan indeks kualitas tanah Soil Physical Quality Index (SPQI). Kualitas tanah dari Ultisol umumnya buruk, hal ini dapat dilihat dari struktur tanah yang kurang mantap, kandungan bahan organik rendah, porositas yang rendah sehingga tanah cenderung lebih padat, agregat kurang stabil dan lambat akibatnya bahaya erosi dapat meningkat, dan bobot isi pada lapisan tanah bawah tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kualitas beberapa sifat fisik Ultisol pada areal pertanaman karet pada berbagai kelerengan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di areal pertanaman karet di Desa Pondok Meja dengan ordo Ultisol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berupa survei grid sistematis. Kelas kelerengan yang terdapat di lokasi penelitian antara lain 7%, 11% dan 18%. Lokasi penelitian dibuat di masing-masing kelas lereng dan dimulai diposisi tengah lereng. Variabel yang diamati yaitu Tekstur Tanah, Bahan Organik, Berat Volume, Total Ruang Pori, Kemantapan Agregat. Hasil analisis disajikan sesuai dengan karakteristik sifat fisik yang diteliti dan menggunakan penilaian Soil Physical Quality Index (SPQI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas tanah pada kemiringan lereng 7% dan 11% termasuk kedalam kriteria sedang. Kualitas tanah pada kemiringan lereng 18% termasuk kedalam kriteria agak jelek. Semakin tinggi kelas lereng maka kualitas tanah semakin memburuk, namun pada lereng 7% dan 11% tidak terlalu memiliki perbedaan kualitas tanah. Memburuknya kualitas tanah pada kemiringan lereng 18% disebabkan oleh kandungan bahan organik tanah. Knowledge of soil physical quality is important in developing good and feasible soil management practices to preserve the basic functions of soil resources. Slope gradient as a topographic element greatly affects soil quality. The steeper the slope, the lower the soil physical quality. Several indicators assessed in the soil quality evaluation process are indicators that describe important soil processes, including those based on several soil physical properties. The level of soil quality in a plot of land is assessed based on the soil quality index Soil Physical Quality Index (SPQI). The soil quality of Ultisol is generally poor, this can be seen from the unstable soil structure, low organic matter content, low porosity so that the soil tends to be denser, the aggregate is less stable and slow as a result the risk of erosion can increase, and the bulk density in the lower soil layer is high. This study aims to assess the quality of several physical properties of Ultisol in rubber planting areas on various slopes. This study was conducted in a rubber planting area in Pondok Meja Village with the Ultisol order. The research method used was a systematic grid survey. The slope classes found in the research location include 7%, 11% and 18%. The research location was made in each slope class and started in the middle position of the slope. The variables observed were Soil Texture, Organic Matter, Volume Weight, Total Pore Space, Aggregate Stability. The results of the analysis are presented according to the characteristics of the physical properties studied and using the Soil Physical Quality Index (SPQI) assessment. The results showed that the soil quality on slopes of 7% and 11% was included in the moderate criteria. The soil quality on a slope of 18% was included in the rather poor criteria. The higher the slope class, the worse the soil quality, but at slopes of 7% and 11% there is not much difference in soil quality. The worsening of soil quality at a slope of 18% is caused by the organic matter content of the soil.

Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	texture, soil volume weight, c-organic, total pore space, aggregate stability
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	LISTYANINGRUM
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2024 03:14
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2024 03:14
URI:	https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/69829

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