ASOSIASI GEN GROWTH HORMON DENGAN PERFORMANS HASIL PERSILANGAN AYAM SENTUL DAN AYAM ARAB MENGGUNAKAN PCR-RFLP

Sinaga, Josua (2025) ASOSIASI GEN GROWTH HORMON DENGAN PERFORMANS HASIL PERSILANGAN AYAM SENTUL DAN AYAM ARAB MENGGUNAKAN PCR-RFLP. S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.

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Abstract

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, ukuran-ukuran tubuh hasil persilangan ayam Sentul dan ayam Arab (SeA) jantan dan betina, keragaman gen Growth Hormon (GH) serta asosiasi gen GH dengan bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh ayam SeA. Materi yang digunakan adalah 30 ekor jantan dan 30 ekor betina ayam SeA, dipelihara dari umur DOC sampai 4 bulan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen yaitu pengamatan secara langsung terhadap bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, ukuran-ukuran tubuh dan sampel darah ayam SeA untuk analisis molekuler. Analisis data meliputi uji beda rata-rata (uji-t), T2-Hotelling dan analisis komponen utama (AKU). Analisis molekuler meliputi: frekuensi genotipe dan alel, keseimbangan Hardy-Weinberg, Heterozigositas serta Polymorphic Information Content (PIC). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa rataan bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh ayam SeA jantan lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan betina, penciri ukuran tubuh adalah lingkar dada sedangkan penciri bentuk adalah panjang shank. Analisis gen GH ayam SeA didapatkan bersifat polimorfik dengan genotip +/+ (0,43), +/- (0,35), -/- (0,22) dan berada dalam keseimbangan Hardy-Weinberg. Heterozigositas ayam SeA menunjukan nilai keragaman dengan tingkat sedang. Nilai PIC termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Kesimpulan, bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh ayam SeA jantan lebih tinggi dibandingkan betina, penciri ukuran tubuh adalah lingkar dada sedangkan penciri bentuk tubuh adalah panjang shank. Gen GH|Taq1 ayam SeA bersifat polimorfik serta berasosiasi dengan bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh, dimana yang terbaik adalah yang bergenotip (+/+). Abstract. This study evaluated the body weight, weight gain, body measurements, and genetic diversity of the Growth Hormone (GH) gene in male and female Sentul-Arab (SeA) crossbred chickens. It also explored the association between the GH gene and these traits. The research involved 30 male and 30 female SeA chickens reared from day-old chicks (DOC) to four months of age. The experimental method used direct observation to collect data, including body weight, weight gain, body measurements, and blood samples. Data were analyzed using t-tests, T²-Hotelling, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Molecular analyses assessed genotype and allele frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, heterozygosity levels, and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC). The results indicated that male SeA chickens had significantly higher (P < 0.05) body weight, weight gain, and body measurements compared to females. GH gene analysis revealed polymorphism, with genotype frequencies of +/+ (0.43), +/- (0.35), and -/- (0.22), consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The heterozygosity levels indicated moderate genetic diversity, while the PIC value fell within the low category. In conclusion, male SeA chickens exhibited superior body weight, weight gain, and body measurements compared to females, with chest circumference and shank length being critical indicators of body size. The polymorphic GH|TaqI gene was associated with body weight, weight gain, and body measurements, with the +/+ genotype showing the most favorable effects.

Type:	Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ayam Sentul, Ayam Arab, Performans, Growth Hormone (GH), PCR-RFLP Sentul Chicken, Arabian Chicken (SeA), Cattle Performance, Growth Hormone (GH), PCR-RFLP
Subjects:	L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Peternakan > Peternakan
Depositing User:	Sinaga
Date Deposited:	15 Jan 2025 06:39
Last Modified:	15 Jan 2025 06:39
URI:	https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/74627

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