Eksplorasi Dan Identifikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (Fma) Berdasarkan Umur Tegakan Sengon Solomon (Paraserienthes Falcataria (Miq.) Barneby & Grimes) Di Pt. Rimba Tanaman Industri

Airlangga, A.A. (2025) Eksplorasi Dan Identifikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (Fma) Berdasarkan Umur Tegakan Sengon Solomon (Paraserienthes Falcataria (Miq.) Barneby & Grimes) Di Pt. Rimba Tanaman Industri. S1 thesis, UNIVERSITAS JAMBI.

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Abstract

Abstrak : EKSPLORASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA (FMA) BERDASARKAN UMUR TEGAKAN SENGON SOLOMON (PARASERIENTHES FALCATARIA (MIQ.) BARNEBY & GRIMES) DI PT. RIMBA TANAMAN INDUSTRI Skripsi oleh Andres Arya Airlangga dibawah bimbingan Pembimbing Ibu Ir. Neliyati, M.Si dan Ibu Suci Ratna Puri, S.P., M.Si. Hutan Tanaman Industri (HTI) merupakan usaha untuk meningkatkan kualitas tegakan dan hasil hutan melalui sistem silvikultur intensif yang bertujuan memenuhi kebutuhan bahan baku industri kayu. PT. Rimba Tanaman Industri di Provinsi Jambi adalah salah satu perusahaan yang mengelola HTI dengan tanaman utama jenis sengon solomon (Paraserianthes falcataria moluccana subsp Solomonensis), yang digunakan untuk kayu lapis dan pertukangan. Namun, hasil evaluasi kesesuaian lahan menunjukkan bahwa lahan di area konsesi PT. Rimba Tanaman Industri tergolong sesuai marginal (S3), dengan masalah terkait rendahnya kadar P2O5 dan K2O, serta tanah yang memiliki porositas rendah akibat penggunaan alat berat dalam proses pembukaan lahan. Salah satu solusi untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah adalah melalui pemanfaatan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA), mikroorganisme yang dapat membantu tanaman mengatasi kondisi tanah yang kering dan miskin hara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan mengidentifikasi genus serta jumlah spora FMA pada berbagai umur tegakan sengon solomon di PT. Rimba Tanaman Industri. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September hingga November 2024 di PT. Rimba Tanaman Industri, Desa Olak Besar, Kec. Batin XXIV, Kab. Batanghari, Jambi. Sampel tanah diambil dari tiga lokasi yang berbeda berdasarkan variasi umur tanaman sengon solomon. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak 50 gram untuk masing-masing lokasi dan kedalaman tanah, dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Teknik yang digunakan untuk isolasi FMA adalah teknik tuang sari (Pacioni) yang dilanjutkan dengan sentrifugasi (Brundrett). Identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi spora menggunakan mikroskop stereo dan mikroskop binokuler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di bawah tegakan sengon solomon ditemukan 4 genus FMA: Glomus (7 tipe), Acaulospora (4 tipe), Gigaspora (3 tipe), dan Scutellospora (2 tipe). Kelimpahan spora yang ditemukan bervariasi berdasarkan lokasi tegakan umur. Rata-rata kepadatan spora tertinggi ditemukan pada lokasi tahun tanaman 2019 dengan kedalaman 0-20 cm, yaitu 33 spora per 50 gram sampel tanah. Semua genus FMA yang ditemukan (Glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora, dan Scutellospora) memiliki frekuensi genus yang sama, yakni 100% di seluruh lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi penting mengenai keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan FMA pada tegakan sengon solomon, yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman pada lahan marginal. Abstrac : EXPLORATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI (AMF) BASED ON STAND AGE OF SOLOMON SENGON (PARASERIENTHES FALCATARIA (MIQ.) BARNEBY & GRIMES) AT PT. RIMBA TANAMAN INDUSTRI A Thesis by Andres Arya Airlangga Under the supervision of Ir. Neliyati, M.Si and Suci Ratna Puri, S.P., M.Si Industrial Plantation Forests (HTI) are initiatives aimed at improving stand quality and forest yields through intensive silvicultural systems to meet the demand for raw wood materials. PT. Rimba Tanaman Industri, located in Jambi Province, is one such company managing HTI, with Solomon sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria moluccana subsp. solomonensis) as its main plantation species, primarily used for plywood and carpentry. However, land suitability evaluations have classified the concession area of PT. Rimba Tanaman Industri as marginally suitable (S3), due to low levels of P₂O₅ and K₂O, and low soil porosity caused by heavy machinery use during land preparation. One potential solution to improve soil fertility is the use of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), microorganisms that help plants cope with dry and nutrient-poor soils. This study aimed to explore and identify the genera and spore abundance of AMF in Solomon sengon stands of different ages at PT. Rimba Tanaman Industri. The research was conducted from September to November 2024 at PT. Rimba Tanaman Industri, located in Olak Besar Village, Batin XXIV District, Batanghari Regency, Jambi. Soil samples were collected from three different locations based on stand age variations. A total of 50 grams of soil per location and soil depth were sampled, with three replications each. The AMF isolation method used was the wet-sieving technique (Pacioni), followed by centrifugation (Brundrett). Identification was performed based on spore morphological characteristics using a stereo microscope and binocular microscope. The results showed that under the Solomon sengon stands, four genera of AMF were identified: Glomus (7 types), Acaulospora (4 types), Gigaspora (3 types), and Scutellospora (2 types). Spore abundance varied by stand age location. The highest average spore density was recorded at the 2019 plantation site at a depth of 0–20 cm, with 33 spores per 50 grams of soil sample. All identified AMF genera (Glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora, and Scutellospora) showed a 100% occurrence frequency across all study locations. This study provides important information on AMF diversity and abundance in Solomon sengon stands, which can be utilized to enhance plant growth in marginal soils.

Type: Thesis (S1)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA), Sengon Solomon, Paraserianthes falcataria, umur tegakan, kesuburan tanah, identifikasi spora, Hutan Tanaman Industri, lahan marginal.
Subjects: L Education > L Education (General)
Divisions: Fakultas Pertanian > Kehutanan
Depositing User: Airlangga
Date Deposited: 01 Jul 2025 02:02
Last Modified: 01 Jul 2025 02:02
URI: https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/80780

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