Sinurat, Fitriana (2025) Populasi dan Pola Sebaran Cengal (Hopea sangal Korth.) di Hutan Adat Guguk Kabupaten Merangin. S1 thesis, Universitas Jambi.
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Abstract
ABSTRAK Hutan Adat Guguk adalah hutan hujan tropis yang memiliki hutan belantara yang masih bagus. Hutan adat Guguk memiliki luas 690 ha yang memiliki keanekaragaman hayati tinggi dan berfungsi sebagai penyangga Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat (TNKS) yang terletak di lanskap bukit barisan. Kawasan ini didominasi oleh famili Dipterocarpaceae, termasuk Hopea sangal (cengal), yang telah diklasifikasikan sebagai jenis rentan (Vulnerable) oleh IUCN. Kelestarian Hopea sangal Korth. di Hutan Adat Guguk terancam oleh aktivitas ilegal seperti pertambangan emas tanpa izin (PETI), illegal logging, dan perambahan hutan. Ancaman ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran terhadap keberadaan dan regenerasi alaminya. Penelitian mengenai populasi dan pola sebaran Hopea sangal penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi ekologi, kerapatan dan pola sebaran di Hutan Adat Guguk. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan ±2 bulan pada tutupan lahan hutan sekunder di Hutan Adat Guguk seluas ± 646 ha. Metode Penelitian dalam pengambilan data tumbuhan menggunakan analisis vegetasi dengan metode belt transek (metode jalur) yang mengikuti perubahan ketinggian Hutan Adat Guguk dengan tiga jalur pendakian menuju Puncak Bukit Tapanggang. Jalur ini memanjang dari ketinggian 100 mdpl, dengan lebar transek 20 m. Data dikumpulkan pada semua tahap pertumbuhan meliputi semai, pancang, tiang, dan pohon. Dalam petak sampling 20 x 20 meter untuk pengamatan stadia pohon terdapat sub petak berukuran 10 x 10 meter untuk stadia tiang, 5 x 5 meter stadia pancang dan 2 x 2 untuk stdia semai. Sampel Hopea sangal Korth. yang ditemukan di lokasi penelitian dilakukan Identifikasi oleh Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN). Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 1 jenis dari genus Hopea di Hutan Adat Guguk Kabupaten Merangin yaitu jenis Hopea sangal Korth. sebanyak 306 individu yang terdiri dari 148 individu stadia semai, 5 individu stadia pancang, 19 individu pada stadia tiang dan 134 individu pada stadia pohon. Kerapatan Hopea sangal Korth. di lokasi penelitian pada stadia semai adalah 3,362 semai/ha, stadia pancang 22 individu/ha, stadia tiang 24 individu/ha dan stadia pohon 36 individu/ha. Pola sebaran Hopea sangal Korth. di lokasi penelitian Hutan Adat Guguk pada stadia semai, pancang, tiang adalah mengelompok dengan nilai Indeks Morisita Ip > 0, sedangkan pola sebaran pada stadia pohon ditemukan merata dengan nilai Indeks Morisita Ip < 0. ABSTRACT Guguk Customary Forest is a tropical rainforest that still maintains a relatively intact wilderness. Covering an area of 690 hectares, this forest has high biodiversity and functions as a buffer zone for Kerinci Seblat National Park (TNKS), located within the Barisan Hill landscape. The area is dominated by the Dipterocarpaceae family, including Hopea sangal (locally known as cengal), which has been classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN. The sustainability of Hopea sangal Korth. in Guguk Customary Forest is threatened by illegal activities such as unlicensed gold mining (PETI), illegal logging, and forest encroachment. These threats raise concerns about the species' continued existence and natural regeneration. Therefore, a study on the population and distribution pattern of Hopea sangal is essential to understand its ecological condition, density, and spatial distribution in the Guguk Customary Forest. This research was conducted over approximately two months within ±646 hectares of secondary forest cover in Guguk Customary Forest. The plant data collection used a vegetation analysis method through belt transects (line method), following the altitudinal gradient of the forest along three hiking trails leading to the peak of Bukit Tapanggang. The transects began at an elevation of 100 meters above sea level and had a width of 20 meters. Data were collected across all growth stages, including seedlings, saplings, poles, and mature trees. Each 20 x 20 meter sample plot for tree-stage observations contained subplots measuring 10 x 10 meters for pole stage, 5 x 5 meters for saplings, and 2 x 2 meters for seedlings. Samples of Hopea sangal Korth. found in the study area were identified by the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). The results of the study show that there is only one species from the Hopea genus found in Guguk Customary Forest, Merangin Regency, namely Hopea sangal Korth., with a total of 306 individuals: 148 seedlings, 5 saplings, 19 poles, and 134 mature trees. The density of Hopea sangal Korth. in the study area was 3,362 seedlings/ha, 22 saplings/ha, 24 poles/ha, and 36 trees/ha. The distribution pattern of Hopea sangal Korth. in the study area showed a clustered pattern (Morisita’s Index Ip > 0) for seedlings, saplings, and poles, while the tree stage showed a uniform distribution pattern (Morisita’s Index Ip < 0).
Type: | Thesis (S1) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Hopea sangal, Populasi, Sebaran |
Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) |
Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Kehutanan |
Depositing User: | Sinurat |
Date Deposited: | 08 Jul 2025 07:26 |
Last Modified: | 08 Jul 2025 07:26 |
URI: | https://repository.unja.ac.id/id/eprint/82017 |
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